Aiken’s research is focused on the long-term impacts of an adverse intrauterine environment. Her research has been supported by grants through the Addenbrooke’s Charitable Trust, the Academy of Medical Sciences, and the British Maternal and Fetal Medicine Society Research Bursary. Her work has been published in high-impact journals such as the New England Journal of Medicine, the Journal of Perinatology, and the American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology. In addition, she has co-authored a number of chapters in textbooks.